Abstract
Image processing of the Turin Shroud (TS) shows that the Man represented in it has
undergone an under glenoidal dislocation of the humerus on the right side and lowering
of the shoulder, and has a flattened hand and enophthalmos; conditions that have not
been described before, despite several studies on the subject.
These injuries indicate that the Man suffered a violent blunt trauma to the neck,
chest and shoulder from behind, causing neuromuscular damage and lesions of the entire
brachial plexus. The posture of the left claw-hand is indicative of an injury of the
lower brachial plexus, as is the crossing of the hands on the pubis, not above the
pubis as it would normally be, and are related to traction of the limbs as a result
of the nailing to the patibulum. The disappearance of the thumbprints is because of
entrainment of the flexor pollicis longus tendons while the nails were driven through
the wrists.
The blunt chest trauma, which resulted in the body falling forwards, was the direct
cause of a lung contusion and haemothorax, confirmed by the post-mortem leakage of
clots and serum from the chest caused by the stabbing with the spear, and was a likely
cause of cardiac contusion.
All the evidence is in favour of the hypothesis that the TS Man is Jesus of Nazareth.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Accepted:
September 17,
2013
Identification
Copyright
© 2013 Elsevier Ltd. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
